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Spectacular Documentation from the Architect: Talaat's Widow Gave a Turkish Historian a Confidential Report Held by Talaat that Shows Over 1 Million Armenians Disappeared
Report of a work by Ara Sarafian
Issue 10, Spring 2012 G P N S T O R Y
The Gomidas Institute sells the report as a book but also offers a free download which GPN is proud to present here. Please click here for the download.
In 2011 the Gomidas Institute in London
published Talaat Pasha's Report on the Armenian Genocide, 1917. Ara
Sarafian: Editor and introduction.
"Talaat Pasha's Report on the Armenian Genocide
is the closest official Ottoman view we have of the Armenian Genocide,
Sarafian said. The report was undoubtedly prepared for Talaat Pasha and
meant for his private use. It was not meant for publication and
probably only survived because Talaat was assassinated in 1921 and his
widow gave the report to a Turkish historian [Bardakchi] who eventually
published it."
This work is a serious appraisal of a report
found in the possession of Talaat Pasha, the Ottoman Minister of
Interior responsible for the Armenian Genocide of 1915. It concludes
that the report was a confidential account of the Armenian Genocide
based on Ottoman records. It presents Talaat's data in detail and
includes additional materials such as two illustrative color maps and
appendixes.
British-Armenian journalist and director of
the London-based Gomidas Institute, Ara Sarafian travelled to Istanbul
to launch his book. During a joint press conference with other writers,
Sarafian responded to attacks by Turkish writers about the book.
The history of the spectacular documentation is that the documents were given to a Mr. Bardakci (pronounced bard-AK-chuh) by
Mr. Talaat’s widow, Hayriye, before she died in 1983, include lists of
population figures. Before 1915, 1,256,000 Armenians lived in the
Ottoman Empire, according to the documents. The number plunged to
284,157 two years later, Bardakci said.
Bardakci published the documents in 2008 in a book, The Remaining Documents of Talaat Pasha.
Bardakci has become, rather unwillingly, part of this ferment. The
book is a collection of documents and records that once belonged to
Mehmed Talat, known as Talaat Pasha, the primary architect of the
Armenian deportations.
Bardakci says the killings were "not a Nazi policy or a Holocaust."
"These were very dark times. It was a very difficult decision. But
deportation was the outcome of some very bloody events. It was
necessary for the government to deport the Armenian population."
A New York Times article comments on
Bardakci's statement: "This argument is rejected by most scholars, who
believe that the small number of Armenian rebels were not a serious
threat to the Ottoman Empire, and that the policy was more the product
of the perception that the Armenians, non-Muslims and therefore
considered untrustworthy, were a problem population."
Hilmar Kaiser, a historian and expert on the Armenian Genocide, said the
records published in the book were conclusive proof from the Ottoman
authority itself that it had pursued a calculated policy to eliminate
the Armenians. "You have suddenly on one page confirmation of the
numbers," he said. "It was like someone hit you over the head with a
club.” Mr. Kaiser said the before and after figures amounted to “a
death record.” “There is no other way of viewing this document,” he
said. “You can’t just hide a million people.”
In Issue 9 of GPN, we had the privilege of republishing a little-known book review from 50 years ago. This following memory of Talaat Pasha is reported by Raphael Lemkin, the legendary father of the U.N. Convention on Genocide and the originator of the word genocide:
The US ambassador in Turkey, Henry Morgenthau did
a yeoman’s job in attempting to save the Armenians. He got nowhere,
however, with the Minister of Interior, Taalat Pasha. In his own memoirs
the former American ambassador relates that Taalat Pasha told him that
insurance policies were found on some Armenian corpses which were taken
out on some insurance companies in Hartford, Connecticut. Since these
were the insurance policies belonging to Turkish citizens, Taalat Pasha
reasoned, the American Ambassador should help to get the money from the
insurance companies for the Turkish government. The ambassador was
incensed at this request and of course refused. |
The California Courier reported that "Haber Turk writer Murat Bardakchi, who published the Talaat Pasha diaries in 2008, wrote in his column that Sarafian and members of the Armenian Diaspora stole his book. Sarafian responded that, of course, it was very important to publish the Talaat Pasha's Black Book but Bardakci analyzed the report incorrectly which is understandable considering Turkey's offical stance on the Genocide.
"Sarafian added, 'Nevertheless, we have to express much gratitude to Murat Bardakci because he had the courage to publish this book, which in itself rejects the Turkish version of the events of 1915.'
In describing the book, Sarafian writes: "Recent documents released in Turkish archives, combined with surviving documents from Talaat Pasha's private papers confirm that Talaat was indeed the architect of the Armenian Genocide. There is a clear record that he ordered and supervised the general deportation of Ottoman Armenians in 1915-16, and that he followed the fate of such deportees from close quarters. Talaat was sent updates regarding Armenians at different stages of deportation, as well as information about the fate of others who were subjected to special treatment. Ottoman records in Turkish archives, as well as Talaat's 1917 report, show that less than 100,000 Armenians survived in the so-called resettlement zone for Armenians... According to Talaat's figures 1,150,000 Armenians disappeared in the Ottoman Empire between 1915-1917."
In an interview of Sarafian, the British-Armenian editor Ara Sarafian was asked:
Mediamax: "What do you hope to achieve with your study on Talaat Pasha's report of 1917?
Sarafian replied: I tried to evaluate the significance of Talaat Pasha's historical document. Once I was able to do that, I decided to present his data as the official view of the Armenian Genocide according to Ottoman records. I also configured the data - as far as possible - to show how different Ottoman Armenian communities fared during this period. I did not try to analyze the figures much further. That can be done over time.
Do you fear any unfair treatment by Turkish state historians yourself?, Mediamax asked further.
"No," replied Sarafian. Anyone who criticizes the official Turkish thesis on the Armenian Genocide should be prepared for a reaction. This is part of the process. Next month the Gomidas Institute will release a Turkish translation of my work and I still hope that will lead to a sensible discussion."
_________
The following is the text of a release by the Gomidas Institute:
"Recent documents released in Turkish archives, combined with surviving
documents from Talaat's Pasha's private papers, confirm that Talaat was
indeed the architect of the Armenian Genocide. There is a clear record
that he ordered and supervised the general deportation of Ottoman
Armenians in 1915-16, and that he followed the fate of such deportees
from close quarters. Talaat was sent updates regarding Armenians at
different stages of deportations, as well as information about the fate
of others who were subjected to special treatment.
"Although a great deal
of Ottoman records still remain unavailable in Turkish archives, the
available records show that the Ottoman deportation thesis was a
smokescreen for the annihilation of Armenians. Ottoman records in
Turkish archives, as well as Talaat's 1917 report, show that less than
100,000 Armenians survived in the so-called resettlement zone for
Armenians. According to Talaat's report on the Armenian Genocide, most
Armenians in the Ottoman Empire had disappeared between 1915 and
1917, or they were dispersed in different provinces of the Ottoman
Empire for assimilation. The forced assimilation of hundreds of
thousands of Armenians was indicative of the power, control and purpose
of the Ottoman state.
"Talaat Pasha's Report on the Armenian Genocide
is the closest official Ottoman view we have of the Armenian Genocide.
The report was undoubtedly prepared for Talaat Pasha and meant for his
private use. It was not meant for publication and probably only survived
because Talaat was assassinated in 1921 and his widow gave the report
to a Turkish historian who eventually published it.
"According to Talaat's figures 1,150,000
Armenians disappeared in the Ottoman Empire between 1915-1917. This
number includes well over 100,000 Armenians who fled from the Ottoman
Empire in 1915 (and died in large numbers from hunger, exposure and
disease), but it does not include tens of thousands of Armenian women
and children who were absorbed into Muslim families or placed into state
orphanages for assimilation.
"In this publication of Talaat's report on the
Armenian Genocide, historian Ara Sarafian discusses the 1917 report in
light of other Ottoman records. He presents Talaat's statistics in all
detail and includes two invaluable color maps demonstrating the content
of the report, as well as additional Ottoman documents related to the
Armenian Genocide. Sarafian presents Talaat's breakdown of the number of
Armenians, their native provinces, and their whereabouts in the Ottoman
Empire in 1917.
See Murat Bardakçý, Talat Paþa’nýn Evrak-ý
Metrukesi : Sadrazam Talat Paþa’nýn özel arþivinde bulunan Ermeni
tehciri konusundaki belgeler ve hususi yazýþmalar [The Remaining
Documents of Talaat Pasha: Documents and Important Correspondence Found
in the Private Archives of Sadrazam Talaat Pasha about the Armenian
Deportations], Istanbul: Everest Yayýnlarý, 2008.
Sources:
Compiled and introduced by Ara Sarafian. Talaat Pasha's Report on the Armenian Genocide, 1917.
http://gomidas.org/NOTES_AND_STUDIES/Talaat%20Pasha%20Report%201917.pdf
Mediamax (July 18, 2011). Ara Sarafian: Talaat Pasha's Report is the official View of the Armenian Genocide according to Ottoman Records. http://www.mediamax.am/en/news/interviews/1771/. Reprinted in the California Courier, March 12, 2009.
Tavernise, Sabrina (March 9, 2009). Nearly a million genocide victims, covered in a cloak of amnesia. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/09/world/europe/09turkey.html
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Tags:
Armenian Genocide
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Ottoman Empire
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Talaat Pasha
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Executive Director: Prof. Israel W. Charny, Ph.D.
Director of Holocaust and Genocide Review: Marc I Sherman, M.L.S.
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This project was made possible in part by a grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York. The contents of this website are the responsibility of the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide in Jerusalem.
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